Digital Transformation of Parliamentary Proceedings: The Case of Zambia
About the National Assembly of Zambia. Written on September, 2021
Introduction
In an era marked by unprecedented challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional systems and modes of operation face existential threats. Particularly, essential institutions like parliaments must adapt to continue fulfilling their constitutional mandates. In the case of Zambia, the pandemic posed a risk to the constitutional requirement for Parliament to convene thrice annually. This essay delves into the innovative digital solution Zambia adopted—a bespoke software application—to ensure the continuity of parliamentary proceedings. The system not only replicates the physical interactions that occur in the parliamentary chamber but also adds functionalities that enhance participation and administrative processes.
The Necessity for Innovation
The pandemic forced parliaments worldwide to rethink their operational models. Given Zambia's constitutional obligation to hold parliamentary sessions at least three times a year, a halt in proceedings was not an option. In this context, innovation became a necessity. The new system needed to emulate the essential functions of the physical parliamentary chamber, known locally as the "Bush System."
Core Functionalities of the Digital System
Attendance and Registration
One of the first challenges was tracking attendance. In a physical setting, this would be straightforward, but in a digital environment, new methods were required. The developed application allows for electronic registration, which serves a dual purpose: confirming attendance and disbursing allowances.
Indication to Speak and Point of Order
Traditionally, members of parliament (MPs) would physically raise their hands or use a microphone to indicate a desire to speak. The digital system enables MPs to electronically signal their intent. This indication places them in a queue based on a first-come, first-served basis. Likewise, the system allows MPs to raise a "point of order," which immediately notifies the presiding officer, who can then act accordingly.
Division Voting
In instances where a vote is contentious, the application supports division voting. This feature is triggered when at least 12 MPs express dissatisfaction with a resolution and call for a formal vote. Votes can be cast electronically, and MPs are given the options to vote 'Yes,' 'No,' or 'Abstain.'
Document Sharing
Apart from these interactive features, the application serves as a repository for essential documents such as agendas, motions, reports, and even the Constitution. This document-sharing capability enhances the system's utility by centralising resources MPs may need during sessions.
Integration and Deployment
The application has been developed in-house and hosted locally, ensuring data sovereignty. The system is currently in its beta-testing phase, available for download from the Apple Store. While the application specifically handles voting and participation, other aspects like video conferencing are managed through platforms like Zoom.
Conclusion
The digital transformation of Zambia's parliamentary proceedings offers a compelling case study in institutional resilience and adaptability. The developed application not only meets the requirements imposed by the pandemic but also presents an avenue for enhanced parliamentary functionality and engagement. While the system is still under review, its successful implementation could serve as a blueprint for similar adaptations worldwide. It stands as a testament to what can be achieved when technology is leveraged to meet urgent societal needs, reinforcing the role of digital solutions in modern governance.